Magnetosphere today
The Earth's magnetosphere {% translate "is the result of constant and active interaction between the supersonic flow of a magnetized, fully ionized plasma flowing from the solar corona, and its own magnetic field of the Earth. During this interaction, the head shock wave, magnetopause, and magnetospheric current systems are created. Large-scale currents in the Earth's magnetosphere determine the structure of the magnetic field and, therefore, the size and the position of plasma formations in near-earth space, the motion of energetic charged particles. The Earth's magnetosphere and the solar wind are in constant interconnection and represent a single system. Being under the constant influence of the solar wind, the Earth's magnetosphere displays variations in the parameters of the interplanetary medium, connected, both with active, and with cyclic processes on the Sun. The most striking manifestation of such impact explosive processes in the magnetosphere: magnetospheric substorms and magnetic storms, leading to a significant energy release in the inner magnetosphere. Along with this, the effects of the rotation of the Sun, an eleven-year solar cycle activity, are also confidently recorded according to the state of the magnetosphere, according to variations in the magnetospheric magnetic field.
The structure of the magnetic field (figure on the right) gives specialists an idea of the processes, occurring in the Earth's magnetosphere. To obtain a similar structure, numerical models of the magnetospheric magnetic field, Based on the theoretical assumptions, according to measurements, it is possible to construct a magnetic field cathrine in the entire magnetosphere. Together with measurements on space vehicles (spacecraft), this allows for full scientific research and build forecasts of space weather." %}.
Watch magnetosphere in 3D